One reason you want to have your filters changed every couple months is because your system needs to breathe. Uh, those systems are absorbing dust, pet hair, and everything in between. So you need to make sure that those filters get changed often. Otherwise, it's gonna choke up your system. Components might get damaged, your ducts are gonna get dirty, and that's it.
As far as an HVAC system is concerned, the air filter is a critical element to the overall functionality and health of this large, complex machine that we all use to heat and cool our homes. Replacing air filters also happens to be amongst the easiest ways to quickly maintain your system. A clogged air filter can easily result in your system overworking itself to properly heat and cool your home.
Think of it like having plugged up sinuses. When you're congested, the most basic of tasks, breathing becomes burdensome. The same is true for your system. If you're not changing your air filter, your sister, your system is having trouble breathing. It has to work twice or even three times as hard to get the results.
People make considerable efforts and investments into their shiny, nice, new, highly efficient air conditioning systems for their home. And if they never bother to change the air filters, they can quickly erode the efficiency ratings and negate any potential savings on their utility bills while increasing the likelihood of damage and ultimate system failure. In terms of air filters and overall system maintenance, an ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure anytime.